Rare Pediatrics News

Disease Profile

Sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria, and ophthalmoparesis

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

Unknown

US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Adult

ageofonset-adult.svg

ICD-10

G71.3

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

no.svg

Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

rnn-autosomalrecessive.svg

X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

no.svg

X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

no.svg

Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

no.svg

Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

no.svg

Not applicable

no.svg

Other names (AKA)

SANDO

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Metabolic disorders; Nervous System Diseases

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 70595

Definition
Sensory ataxic neuropathydysarthria-ophthalmoparesis syndrome is characterised by adult-onset severe sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria and chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia.

Epidemiology
The prevalence is unknown.

Clinical description
Other common features include progressive gait unsteadiness, absent deep tendon reflexes, the presence of Romberg's sign, a decreased sense of vibration and proprioception and detection of red ragged fibres on muscle biopsy.

Etiology
The syndrome is associated with mitochondrial DNA mutations in either the POLG1 or TWINKLE genes.

Genetic counseling
Autosomal recessive and dominant inheritance, as well as sporadic occurrence, have been suggested.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal morphology of the cerebellar cortex
0031422
Abnormal thalamic MRI signal intensity
0012696
Atrophy/Degeneration involving the spinal cord
0007344
Bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment
0008619
Dysarthria
Difficulty articulating speech
0001260
Gait ataxia
Inability to coordinate movements when walking
0002066
Hyporeflexia
Decreased reflex response
Decreased reflexes

[ more ]

0001265
Impaired distal proprioception
0006858
Impaired vibratory sensation
Decreased vibration sense
Decreased vibratory sense
Diminished vibratory sense
Impaired vibratory sense

[ more ]

0002495
Increased serum lactate
0002151
Increased variability in muscle fiber diameter
0003557
Myoclonus
0001336
Nystagmus
Involuntary, rapid, rhythmic eye movements
0000639
Ophthalmoparesis
Weakness of muscles controlling eye movement
0000597
Positive Romberg sign
0002403
Proximal muscle weakness
Weakness in muscles of upper arms and upper legs
0003701
Ptosis
Drooping upper eyelid
0000508
Ragged-red muscle fibers
0003200
Sensory ataxic neuropathy
0003434
Upgaze palsy
0025331
Vestibular dysfunction
0001751
5%-29% of people have these symptoms
Areflexia
Absent tendon reflexes
0001284
Cataract
Clouding of the lens of the eye
Cloudy lens

[ more ]

0000518
Depressivity
Depression
0000716
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Stretched and thinned heart muscle
0001644
Gastroparesis
Delayed gastric emptying
0002578
Intestinal pseudo-obstruction
0004389
Memory impairment
Forgetfulness
Memory loss
Memory problems
Poor memory

[ more ]

0002354
Migraine
Intermittent migraine headaches
Migraine headache
Migraine headaches

[ more ]

0002076
Seizure
0001250
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Adult onset
Symptoms begin in adulthood
0003581
Autosomal recessive inheritance
0000007
Cognitive impairment
Abnormality of cognition
Cognitive abnormality
Cognitive defects
Cognitive deficits
Intellectual impairment
Mental impairment

[ more ]

0100543
Cytochrome C oxidase-negative muscle fibers
0003688
Diminished ability to concentrate
Poor concentration
0031987
Elevated serum creatine kinase
Elevated blood creatine phosphokinase
Elevated circulating creatine phosphokinase
Elevated creatine kinase
Elevated serum CPK
Elevated serum creatine phosphokinase
High serum creatine kinase
Increased CPK
Increased creatine kinase
Increased creatine phosphokinase
Increased serum CK
Increased serum creatine kinase
Increased serum creatine phosphokinase

[ more ]

0003236
Impaired distal vibration sensation
0006886
Mildly elevated creatine kinase
0008180
Multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions
0003689
Muscle fiber necrosis
0003713
Progressive external ophthalmoplegia
0000590
Progressive gait ataxia
0007240
Sensorineural hearing impairment
0000407
Sensory axonal neuropathy
0003390
Subsarcolemmal accumulations of abnormally shaped mitochondria
0003548

Diagnosis

Making a diagnosis for a genetic or rare disease can often be challenging. Healthcare professionals typically look at a person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results in order to make a diagnosis. The following resources provide information relating to diagnosis and testing for this condition. If you have questions about getting a diagnosis, you should contact a healthcare professional.

Testing Resources

  • The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides information about the genetic tests for this condition. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.

Learn more

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

Where to Start

  • Genetics Home Reference (GHR) contains information on Sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria, and ophthalmoparesis. This website is maintained by the National Library of Medicine.

In-Depth Information

  • GeneReviews provides current, expert-authored, peer-reviewed, full-text articles describing the application of genetic testing to the diagnosis, management, and genetic counseling of patients with specific inherited conditions.
  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria, and ophthalmoparesis. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.